{"id":6181,"date":"2025-05-08T14:49:56","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T14:49:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tacticalperiodisation.com\/pt\/?p=6181"},"modified":"2025-07-24T15:47:07","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T15:47:07","slug":"veronique-billat-e-a-importancia-do-vo2max-o-motor-fisiologico-da-performance-desportiva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tacticalperiodisation.com\/pt\/2025\/05\/08\/veronique-billat-e-a-importancia-do-vo2max-o-motor-fisiologico-da-performance-desportiva\/","title":{"rendered":"Veronique Billat e a Import\u00e2ncia do VO2max: O Motor Fisiol\u00f3gico da Performance Desportiva"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00e9ronique Billat<\/h1>\n<\/div>

\u201cOs corpos desportivos funcionam como uma viatura h\u00edbrida” | \u201cSports bodies they function as a hybrid vehicle\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

Entrevista \/ Interview – \u00a0La Reserche (2016)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/i><\/i><\/span>PT <\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
\n

Para V\u00e9ronique Billat, fisiologista do desporto e antiga atleta, uma das chaves do desempenho desportivo reside nas varia\u00e7\u00f5es de velocidade. Uma estrat\u00e9gia que permite regenerar eficazmente as reservas energ\u00e9ticas. E que \u00e9 v\u00e1lido tanto para o desporto profissional como para o desporto amador.<\/span><\/h3>\n

V\u00e9ronique Billat tem um perfil raro: ela \u00e9 ao mesmo tempo atleta e investigadora, aliando h\u00e1 trinta anos pr\u00e1tica e teoria. Antiga desportista de alto n\u00edvel (cross-country e ski de fundo), venceu em 1982 a prestigiada prova de trekking (pedestrianismo) da Sierre-Zinal, nos Alpes su\u00ed\u00e7os, \u00e9 ainda hoje treinadora creditada de provas de fundo e de triatlo. Ela dirige tamb\u00e9m o laborat\u00f3rio de biologia das adapta\u00e7\u00f5es ao exerc\u00edcio da Universidade de \u00c9rvy-Vald’Essone e de Genopole, que desenvolveu m\u00e9todos sofisticados de monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o da fisiologia do corpo humano durante o esfor\u00e7o. Em 2014, fundou a sociedade BillaTrainning, especializado em conselhos personalizados, inspirados pelos \u00faltimos dados cient\u00edficos sobre treino f\u00edsico e desportivo. Por altura, dos Jogos Ol\u00edmpicos do Rio, ela revela a sua vis\u00e3o sobre fisiologia do atleta, mas tamb\u00e9m sobre treino do desporto amador.<\/p>\n

La Recherche: Qual \u00e9 o par\u00e2metro, sobre o ponto de vista fisiol\u00f3gico, que determina a performance de um atleta?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e9ronique Billat:<\/strong> Esse \u00e9 claramente aquilo a que chamamos de consumo m\u00e1ximo de oxig\u00e9nio. Para l\u00e1 de um certo limite, os corpos humanos n\u00e3o conseguem consumir mais oxig\u00e9nio para oxidar os combust\u00edveis que s\u00e3o os gl\u00facidos, os l\u00edpidos e as prote\u00ednas em \u00faltimo recurso. De seguida atinge-se a taxa de consumo m\u00e1ximo de oxig\u00e9nio (VO2max) que medimos em litros por minuto. Este valor depende de dois fatores: o d\u00e9bito card\u00edaco e a extra\u00e7\u00e3o de oxig\u00e9nio ao n\u00edvel dos tecidos, principalmente dos m\u00fasculos. A ventila\u00e7\u00e3o pulmonar n\u00e3o \u00e9 um fator limitante, exceto em alta altitude ou casos de patologia. Todo o meu trabalho de investigadora e de treinadora centra-se em refletir sobre os melhores meios de aumentar o VO2max de um atleta. \u00c9 o par\u00e2metro chave da performance. Dizemos que o VO2max diminui, inexoravelmente, a partir dos 30 anos, mas assim que se retoma o treino, volta a progredir novamente. Constatei-o ao treinar o ciclista Robert Marchand, que entre os 99 anos e os 103 anos alcan\u00e7ou um valor de VO2max superior aquele que tinha aos 80 anos.<\/p>\n

LR: E em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos desportos que necessitam de uma atividade muscular mais curta e intensa, como o lan\u00e7amento do dardo e do peso?<\/strong><\/p>\n

No caso desses exerc\u00edcios extremamente breves, o VO2max n\u00e3o desempenha qualquer papel no gesto propriamente dito, mas vai condicionas a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o ap\u00f3s esfor\u00e7o. Num gesto explosivo desse tipo, a contra\u00e7\u00e3o muscular \u00e9 poss\u00edvel gra\u00e7as \u00e0 disponibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o muscular imediata do substrato energ\u00e9tico do musculo, as mol\u00e9culas de adenosina trifosfato (ATP).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/i><\/i><\/span>EN <\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
\n

Testimony collected by Nicolas Chevassus-au-Louis<\/span><\/h3>\n

La Recerche | July \u2013 August (2016) | N\u00ba5 13-514.<\/p>\n

Veronique Billat has a rare profile: at the same time athlete and researcher, allying for 30 years practice and theory. High level former athlete (cross country and long-distance sky), she won in 1982 the prestigious trekking race (pedestrianism) in Sierre-Zinal, in the Swiss Alpes, is still today licensed long distance and triathlon coach. She also runs the Adaptation to Exercise Biology Lab at the University of \u00c9rvy-Vald\u2019Essone and Genopole, that developed sophisticated methods of for the human body physiology monitoring during the work. In 2014, she founded the company BillaTrainning, inspired by their last scientific data about physical and sports training. By the Olympics of Rio [de Janeiro, Brazil], she revealed his vision about the physiology of the athlete, but also for amateur sportsman.<\/p>\n

La recherche (LR): What is the parameter, under physiological point of view, that determines the performance of an athlete?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Veronique Billat (VB):<\/strong> It is definitively what we call the maximum consumption of oxygen. Beyond a certain limit, human bodies cannot consume more oxygen to oxidate the fuels that are the sugars, fats and proteins as last resource. After that you reach the maximal oxygen consumption rate (Vo2max) we measure in liter per minute. This rate depends on two factors: the cardiac output and the extraction of oxygen in the tissues. The pulmonary ventilation is not a limiting factor, except in altitude or in case of pathology. All my work as researcher and coach is focused on reflecting over the best means to increase the VO2max of an athlete. It is the key parameter of performance. We say that the VO2max decreases, inexorably, after the 30 years, but once you resume training, it progresses again. I\u2019ve realized it when I trained Robert Marchand who, between his 99 and 103 years of age reached a VO2max value higher than he had at the age of 80.<\/p>\n

LR: Regarding the sports that need a shorter and more intense muscular activity, as the javelin throw or put shot?<\/strong><\/p>\n

VB:<\/strong> In the case of this exercises, extremely brief, VO2max doesn\u2019t play a role in the gesture itself, but will conditionate the recovery after work. On a explosive gesture of that type the muscular contraction it\u2019s possible due to the availability of muscle to the energetical substrate, the adenosine triphosphate molecules (ATP).<\/p>\n

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